aed1f1b049
* gnu/system/uuid.scm (uuid=?): New procedure.
* tests/uuid.scm ("uuid=?"): New test.
* gnu/build/file-systems.scm (partition-uuid-predicate)
(luks-partition-uuid-predicate): Use it instead of 'bytevector=?'.
616 lines
22 KiB
Scheme
616 lines
22 KiB
Scheme
;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
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;;; Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
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;;; Copyright © 2016, 2017 David Craven <david@craven.ch>
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;;; Copyright © 2017 Mathieu Othacehe <m.othacehe@gmail.com>
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;;;
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;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
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;;; your option) any later version.
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;;;
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;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;;;
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;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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(define-module (gnu build file-systems)
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#:use-module (gnu system uuid)
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#:use-module (guix build utils)
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#:use-module (guix build bournish)
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#:use-module (guix build syscalls)
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#:use-module (rnrs io ports)
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#:use-module (rnrs bytevectors)
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#:use-module (ice-9 match)
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#:use-module (ice-9 rdelim)
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#:use-module (system foreign)
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#:autoload (system repl repl) (start-repl)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
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#:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
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#:export (disk-partitions
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partition-label-predicate
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partition-uuid-predicate
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partition-luks-uuid-predicate
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find-partition-by-label
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find-partition-by-uuid
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find-partition-by-luks-uuid
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canonicalize-device-spec
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bind-mount
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mount-flags->bit-mask
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check-file-system
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mount-file-system))
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;;; Commentary:
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;;;
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;;; This modules provides tools to deal with disk partitions, and to mount and
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;;; check file systems.
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;;;
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;;; Code:
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(define (bind-mount source target)
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"Bind-mount SOURCE at TARGET."
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(mount source target "" MS_BIND))
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(define (seek* fd/port offset whence)
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"Like 'seek' but return -1 instead of throwing to 'system-error' upon
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EINVAL. This makes it easier to catch cases like OFFSET being too large for
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FD/PORT."
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(catch 'system-error
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(lambda ()
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(seek fd/port offset whence))
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(lambda args
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(if (= EINVAL (system-error-errno args))
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-1
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(apply throw args)))))
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(define (read-superblock device offset size magic?)
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"Read a superblock of SIZE from OFFSET and DEVICE. Return the raw
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superblock on success, and #f if no valid superblock was found. MAGIC?
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takes a bytevector and returns #t when it's a valid superblock."
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(call-with-input-file device
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(lambda (port)
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(and (= offset (seek* port offset SEEK_SET))
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(let ((block (make-bytevector size)))
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(match (get-bytevector-n! port block 0 (bytevector-length block))
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((? eof-object?)
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#f)
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((? number? len)
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(and (= len (bytevector-length block))
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(and (magic? block)
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block)))))))))
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(define null-terminated-latin1->string
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(cut latin1->string <> zero?))
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;;;
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;;; Ext2 file systems.
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;;;
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;; <http://www.nongnu.org/ext2-doc/ext2.html#DEF-SUPERBLOCK>.
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;; TODO: Use "packed structs" from Guile-OpenGL or similar.
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(define-syntax %ext2-endianness
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;; Endianness of ext2 file systems.
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(identifier-syntax (endianness little)))
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(define (ext2-superblock? sblock)
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"Return #t when SBLOCK is an ext2 superblock."
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(let ((magic (bytevector-u16-ref sblock 56 %ext2-endianness)))
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(= magic #xef53)))
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(define (read-ext2-superblock device)
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"Return the raw contents of DEVICE's ext2 superblock as a bytevector, or #f
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if DEVICE does not contain an ext2 file system."
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(read-superblock device 1024 264 ext2-superblock?))
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(define (ext2-superblock-uuid sblock)
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"Return the UUID of ext2 superblock SBLOCK as a 16-byte bytevector."
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(sub-bytevector sblock 104 16))
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(define (ext2-superblock-volume-name sblock)
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"Return the volume name of SBLOCK as a string of at most 16 characters, or
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#f if SBLOCK has no volume name."
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(null-terminated-latin1->string (sub-bytevector sblock 120 16)))
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(define (check-ext2-file-system device)
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"Return the health of an ext2 file system on DEVICE."
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(match (status:exit-val
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(system* "e2fsck" "-v" "-p" "-C" "0" device))
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(0 'pass)
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(1 'errors-corrected)
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(2 'reboot-required)
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(_ 'fatal-error)))
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;;;
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;;; Btrfs file systems.
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;;;
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;; <https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/On-disk_Format#Superblock>.
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(define-syntax %btrfs-endianness
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;; Endianness of btrfs file systems.
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(identifier-syntax (endianness little)))
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(define (btrfs-superblock? sblock)
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"Return #t when SBLOCK is a btrfs superblock."
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(bytevector=? (sub-bytevector sblock 64 8)
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(string->utf8 "_BHRfS_M")))
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(define (read-btrfs-superblock device)
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"Return the raw contents of DEVICE's btrfs superblock as a bytevector, or #f
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if DEVICE does not contain a btrfs file system."
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(read-superblock device 65536 4096 btrfs-superblock?))
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(define (btrfs-superblock-uuid sblock)
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"Return the UUID of a btrfs superblock SBLOCK as a 16-byte bytevector."
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(sub-bytevector sblock 32 16))
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(define (btrfs-superblock-volume-name sblock)
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"Return the volume name of SBLOCK as a string of at most 256 characters, or
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#f if SBLOCK has no volume name."
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(null-terminated-latin1->string (sub-bytevector sblock 299 256)))
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(define (check-btrfs-file-system device)
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"Return the health of a btrfs file system on DEVICE."
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(match (status:exit-val
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(system* "btrfs" "device" "scan"))
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(0 'pass)
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(_ 'fatal-error)))
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;;;
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;;; FAT32 file systems.
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;;;
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;; <http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-107.pdf>.
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(define (fat32-superblock? sblock)
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"Return #t when SBLOCK is a fat32 superblock."
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(bytevector=? (sub-bytevector sblock 82 8)
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(string->utf8 "FAT32 ")))
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(define (read-fat32-superblock device)
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"Return the raw contents of DEVICE's fat32 superblock as a bytevector, or
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#f if DEVICE does not contain a fat32 file system."
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(read-superblock device 0 90 fat32-superblock?))
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(define (fat32-superblock-uuid sblock)
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"Return the Volume ID of a fat superblock SBLOCK as a 4-byte bytevector."
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(sub-bytevector sblock 67 4))
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(define (fat32-superblock-volume-name sblock)
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"Return the volume name of SBLOCK as a string of at most 11 characters, or
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#f if SBLOCK has no volume name. The volume name is a latin1 string.
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Trailing spaces are trimmed."
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(string-trim-right (latin1->string (sub-bytevector sblock 71 11) (lambda (c) #f)) #\space))
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(define (check-fat32-file-system device)
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"Return the health of a fat file system on DEVICE."
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(match (status:exit-val
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(system* "fsck.vfat" "-v" "-a" device))
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(0 'pass)
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(1 'errors-corrected)
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(_ 'fatal-error)))
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;;;
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;;; ISO9660 file systems.
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;;;
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;; <http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-119.pdf>.
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(define (iso9660-superblock? sblock)
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"Return #t when SBLOCK is an iso9660 volume descriptor."
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(bytevector=? (sub-bytevector sblock 1 6)
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;; Note: "\x01" is the volume descriptor format version
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(string->utf8 "CD001\x01")))
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(define (read-iso9660-primary-volume-descriptor device offset)
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"Find and read the first primary volume descriptor, starting at OFFSET.
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Return #f if not found."
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(let* ((sblock (read-superblock device offset 2048 iso9660-superblock?))
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(type-code (if sblock
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(bytevector-u8-ref sblock 0)
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(error (format #f
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"Could not read ISO9660 primary
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volume descriptor from ~s"
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device)))))
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(match type-code
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(255 #f) ; Volume Descriptor Set Terminator.
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(1 sblock) ; Primary Volume Descriptor
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(_ (read-iso9660-primary-volume-descriptor device (+ offset 2048))))))
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(define (read-iso9660-superblock device)
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"Return the raw contents of DEVICE's iso9660 primary volume descriptor
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as a bytevector, or #f if DEVICE does not contain an iso9660 file system."
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;; Start reading at sector 16.
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;; Since we are not sure that the device contains an ISO9660 filesystem,
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;; we have to find that out first.
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(if (read-superblock device (* 2048 16) 2048 iso9660-superblock?)
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(read-iso9660-primary-volume-descriptor device (* 2048 16))
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#f)) ; Device does not contain an iso9660 filesystem.
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(define (iso9660-superblock-uuid sblock)
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"Return the modification time of an iso9660 primary volume descriptor
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SBLOCK as a bytevector. If that's not set, returns the creation time."
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;; Drops GMT offset for compatibility with Grub, blkid and /dev/disk/by-uuid.
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;; Compare Grub: "2014-12-02-19-30-23-00".
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;; Compare blkid result: "2014-12-02-19-30-23-00".
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;; Compare /dev/disk/by-uuid entry: "2014-12-02-19-30-23-00".
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(let* ((creation-time (sub-bytevector sblock 813 17))
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(modification-time (sub-bytevector sblock 830 17))
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(unset-time (make-bytevector 17 0))
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(time (if (bytevector=? unset-time modification-time)
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creation-time
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modification-time)))
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(sub-bytevector time 0 16))) ; strips GMT offset.
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(define (iso9660-superblock-volume-name sblock)
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"Return the volume name of SBLOCK as a string. The volume name is an ASCII
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string. Trailing spaces are trimmed."
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;; Note: Valid characters are of the set "[0-9][A-Z]_" (ECMA-119 Appendix A)
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(string-trim-right (latin1->string (sub-bytevector sblock 40 32)
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(lambda (c) #f)) #\space))
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;;;
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;;; LUKS encrypted devices.
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;;;
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;; The LUKS header format is described in "LUKS On-Disk Format Specification":
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;; <https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/wikis/Specification>. We follow
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;; version 1.2.1 of this document.
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(define-syntax %luks-endianness
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;; Endianness of LUKS headers.
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(identifier-syntax (endianness big)))
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(define (luks-superblock? sblock)
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"Return #t when SBLOCK is a luks superblock."
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(define %luks-magic
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;; The 'LUKS_MAGIC' constant.
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(u8-list->bytevector (append (map char->integer (string->list "LUKS"))
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(list #xba #xbe))))
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(let ((magic (sub-bytevector sblock 0 6))
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(version (bytevector-u16-ref sblock 6 %luks-endianness)))
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(and (bytevector=? magic %luks-magic)
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(= version 1))))
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(define (read-luks-header file)
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"Read a LUKS header from FILE. Return the raw header on success, and #f if
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not valid header was found."
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;; Size in bytes of the LUKS header, including key slots.
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(read-superblock file 0 592 luks-superblock?))
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(define (luks-header-uuid header)
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"Return the LUKS UUID from HEADER, as a 16-byte bytevector."
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;; 40 bytes are reserved for the UUID, but in practice, it contains the 36
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;; bytes of its ASCII representation.
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(let ((uuid (sub-bytevector header 168 36)))
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(string->uuid (utf8->string uuid))))
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;;;
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;;; Partition lookup.
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;;;
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(define (disk-partitions)
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"Return the list of device names corresponding to valid disk partitions."
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(define (partition? name major minor)
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;; grub-mkrescue does some funny things for EFI support which
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;; makes it a lot more difficult than one would expect to support
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;; booting an ISO-9660 image from an USB flash drive.
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;; For example there's a buggy (too small) hidden partition in it
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;; which Linux mounts and then proceeds to fail while trying to
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;; fall off the edge.
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;; In any case, partition tables are supposed to be optional so
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;; here we allow checking entire disks for file systems, too.
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(> major 2)) ;ignore RAM disks and floppy disks
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(call-with-input-file "/proc/partitions"
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(lambda (port)
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;; Skip the two header lines.
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(read-line port)
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(read-line port)
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;; Read each subsequent line, and extract the last space-separated
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;; field.
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(let loop ((parts '()))
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(let ((line (read-line port)))
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(if (eof-object? line)
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(reverse parts)
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(match (string-tokenize line)
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(((= string->number major) (= string->number minor)
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blocks name)
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(if (partition? name major minor)
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(loop (cons name parts))
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(loop parts))))))))))
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(define (ENOENT-safe proc)
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"Wrap the one-argument PROC such that ENOENT errors are caught and lead to a
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warning and #f as the result."
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(lambda (device)
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(catch 'system-error
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(lambda ()
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(proc device))
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(lambda args
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;; When running on the hand-made /dev,
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;; 'disk-partitions' could return partitions for which
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;; we have no /dev node. Handle that gracefully.
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(let ((errno (system-error-errno args)))
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(cond ((= ENOENT errno)
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(format (current-error-port)
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"warning: device '~a' not found~%" device)
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#f)
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((= ENOMEDIUM errno) ;for removable media
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#f)
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((= EIO errno) ;unreadable hardware like audio CDs
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(format (current-error-port)
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"warning: failed to read from device '~a'~%" device)
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#f)
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(else
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(apply throw args))))))))
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(define (partition-field-reader read field)
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"Return a procedure that takes a device and returns the value of a FIELD in
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the partition superblock or #f."
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(let ((read (ENOENT-safe read)))
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(lambda (device)
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(let ((sblock (read device)))
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(and sblock
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(field sblock))))))
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(define (read-partition-field device partition-field-readers)
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"Returns the value of a FIELD in the partition superblock of DEVICE or #f. It
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takes a list of PARTITION-FIELD-READERS and returns the result of the first
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partition field reader that returned a value."
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(match (filter-map (cut apply <> (list device)) partition-field-readers)
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((field . _) field)
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(_ #f)))
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(define %partition-label-readers
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(list (partition-field-reader read-iso9660-superblock
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iso9660-superblock-volume-name)
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(partition-field-reader read-ext2-superblock
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ext2-superblock-volume-name)
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(partition-field-reader read-btrfs-superblock
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btrfs-superblock-volume-name)
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(partition-field-reader read-fat32-superblock
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fat32-superblock-volume-name)))
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(define %partition-uuid-readers
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(list (partition-field-reader read-iso9660-superblock
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iso9660-superblock-uuid)
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(partition-field-reader read-ext2-superblock
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ext2-superblock-uuid)
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(partition-field-reader read-btrfs-superblock
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btrfs-superblock-uuid)
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(partition-field-reader read-fat32-superblock
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fat32-superblock-uuid)))
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(define read-partition-label
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(cut read-partition-field <> %partition-label-readers))
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(define read-partition-uuid
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(cut read-partition-field <> %partition-uuid-readers))
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(define (partition-predicate reader =)
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"Return a predicate that returns true if the FIELD of partition header that
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was READ is = to the given value."
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(lambda (expected)
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(lambda (device)
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(let ((actual (reader device)))
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(and actual
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(= actual expected))))))
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(define partition-label-predicate
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(partition-predicate read-partition-label string=?))
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(define partition-uuid-predicate
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(partition-predicate read-partition-uuid uuid=?))
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(define luks-partition-uuid-predicate
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(partition-predicate
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(partition-field-reader read-luks-header luks-header-uuid)
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uuid=?))
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(define (find-partition predicate)
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"Return the first partition found that matches PREDICATE, or #f if none
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were found."
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(lambda (expected)
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(find (predicate expected)
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(map (cut string-append "/dev/" <>)
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(disk-partitions)))))
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(define find-partition-by-label
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(find-partition partition-label-predicate))
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(define find-partition-by-uuid
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(find-partition partition-uuid-predicate))
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(define find-partition-by-luks-uuid
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(find-partition luks-partition-uuid-predicate))
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(define* (canonicalize-device-spec spec #:optional (title 'any))
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"Return the device name corresponding to SPEC. TITLE is a symbol, one of
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the following:
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• 'device', in which case SPEC is known to designate a device node--e.g.,
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\"/dev/sda1\";
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• 'label', in which case SPEC is known to designate a partition label--e.g.,
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\"my-root-part\";
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• 'uuid', in which case SPEC must be a UUID (a 16-byte bytevector)
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designating a partition;
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• 'any', in which case SPEC can be anything.
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"
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(define max-trials
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;; Number of times we retry partition label resolution, 1 second per
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;; trial. Note: somebody reported a delay of 16 seconds (!) before their
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;; USB key would be detected by the kernel, so we must wait for at least
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;; this long.
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20)
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(define canonical-title
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;; The realm of canonicalization.
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(if (eq? title 'any)
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(if (string? spec)
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;; The "--root=SPEC" kernel command-line option always provides a
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;; string, but the string can represent a device, a UUID, or a
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;; label. So check for all three.
|
||
(cond ((string-prefix? "/" spec) 'device)
|
||
((string->uuid spec) 'uuid)
|
||
(else 'label))
|
||
'uuid)
|
||
title))
|
||
|
||
(define (resolve find-partition spec fmt)
|
||
(let loop ((count 0))
|
||
(let ((device (find-partition spec)))
|
||
(or device
|
||
;; Some devices take a bit of time to appear, most notably USB
|
||
;; storage devices. Thus, wait for the device to appear.
|
||
(if (> count max-trials)
|
||
(error "failed to resolve partition" (fmt spec))
|
||
(begin
|
||
(format #t "waiting for partition '~a' to appear...~%"
|
||
(fmt spec))
|
||
(sleep 1)
|
||
(loop (+ 1 count))))))))
|
||
|
||
(case canonical-title
|
||
((device)
|
||
;; Nothing to do.
|
||
spec)
|
||
((label)
|
||
;; Resolve the label.
|
||
(resolve find-partition-by-label spec identity))
|
||
((uuid)
|
||
(resolve find-partition-by-uuid
|
||
(if (string? spec)
|
||
(string->uuid spec)
|
||
spec)
|
||
uuid->string))
|
||
(else
|
||
(error "unknown device title" title))))
|
||
|
||
(define (check-file-system device type)
|
||
"Run a file system check of TYPE on DEVICE."
|
||
(define check-procedure
|
||
(cond
|
||
((string-prefix? "ext" type) check-ext2-file-system)
|
||
((string-prefix? "btrfs" type) check-btrfs-file-system)
|
||
((string-suffix? "fat" type) check-fat32-file-system)
|
||
(else #f)))
|
||
|
||
(if check-procedure
|
||
(match (check-procedure device)
|
||
('pass
|
||
#t)
|
||
('errors-corrected
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"File system check corrected errors on ~a; continuing~%"
|
||
device))
|
||
('reboot-required
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"File system check corrected errors on ~a; rebooting~%"
|
||
device)
|
||
(sleep 3)
|
||
(reboot))
|
||
('fatal-error
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"File system check on ~a failed; spawning Bourne-like REPL~%"
|
||
device)
|
||
(start-repl %bournish-language)))
|
||
(format (current-error-port)
|
||
"No file system check procedure for ~a; skipping~%"
|
||
device)))
|
||
|
||
(define (mount-flags->bit-mask flags)
|
||
"Return the number suitable for the 'flags' argument of 'mount' that
|
||
corresponds to the symbols listed in FLAGS."
|
||
(let loop ((flags flags))
|
||
(match flags
|
||
(('read-only rest ...)
|
||
(logior MS_RDONLY (loop rest)))
|
||
(('bind-mount rest ...)
|
||
(logior MS_BIND (loop rest)))
|
||
(('no-suid rest ...)
|
||
(logior MS_NOSUID (loop rest)))
|
||
(('no-dev rest ...)
|
||
(logior MS_NODEV (loop rest)))
|
||
(('no-exec rest ...)
|
||
(logior MS_NOEXEC (loop rest)))
|
||
(()
|
||
0))))
|
||
|
||
(define* (mount-file-system spec #:key (root "/root"))
|
||
"Mount the file system described by SPEC under ROOT. SPEC must have the
|
||
form:
|
||
|
||
(DEVICE TITLE MOUNT-POINT TYPE (FLAGS ...) OPTIONS CHECK?)
|
||
|
||
DEVICE, MOUNT-POINT, and TYPE must be strings; OPTIONS can be a string or #f;
|
||
FLAGS must be a list of symbols. CHECK? is a Boolean indicating whether to
|
||
run a file system check."
|
||
|
||
(define (mount-nfs source mount-point type flags options)
|
||
(let* ((idx (string-rindex source #\:))
|
||
(host-part (string-take source idx))
|
||
;; Strip [] from around host if present
|
||
(host (match (string-split host-part (string->char-set "[]"))
|
||
(("" h "") h)
|
||
((h) h)))
|
||
(aa (match (getaddrinfo host "nfs") ((x . _) x)))
|
||
(sa (addrinfo:addr aa))
|
||
(inet-addr (inet-ntop (sockaddr:fam sa)
|
||
(sockaddr:addr sa))))
|
||
|
||
;; Mounting an NFS file system requires passing the address
|
||
;; of the server in the addr= option
|
||
(mount source mount-point type flags
|
||
(string-append "addr="
|
||
inet-addr
|
||
(if options
|
||
(string-append "," options)
|
||
"")))))
|
||
(match spec
|
||
((source title mount-point type (flags ...) options check?)
|
||
(let ((source (canonicalize-device-spec source title))
|
||
(mount-point (string-append root "/" mount-point))
|
||
(flags (mount-flags->bit-mask flags)))
|
||
(when check?
|
||
(check-file-system source type))
|
||
|
||
;; Create the mount point. Most of the time this is a directory, but
|
||
;; in the case of a bind mount, a regular file or socket may be needed.
|
||
(if (and (= MS_BIND (logand flags MS_BIND))
|
||
(not (file-is-directory? source)))
|
||
(unless (file-exists? mount-point)
|
||
(mkdir-p (dirname mount-point))
|
||
(call-with-output-file mount-point (const #t)))
|
||
(mkdir-p mount-point))
|
||
|
||
(cond
|
||
((string-prefix? "nfs" type)
|
||
(mount-nfs source mount-point type flags options))
|
||
(else
|
||
(mount source mount-point type flags options)))
|
||
|
||
;; For read-only bind mounts, an extra remount is needed, as per
|
||
;; <http://lwn.net/Articles/281157/>, which still applies to Linux 4.0.
|
||
(when (and (= MS_BIND (logand flags MS_BIND))
|
||
(= MS_RDONLY (logand flags MS_RDONLY)))
|
||
(let ((flags (logior MS_BIND MS_REMOUNT MS_RDONLY)))
|
||
(mount source mount-point type flags #f)))))))
|
||
|
||
;;; file-systems.scm ends here
|