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* [Complete Newbs Guide](newbs.md) * [Complete Newbs Guide](newbs.md)
* [Getting Started](newbs_getting_started.md) * [Introduction](newbs_getting_started.md)
* [Building Your First Firmware](newbs_building_firmware.md) * [Building Your First Firmware](newbs_building_firmware.md)
* [Flashing Firmware](newbs_flashing.md) * [Flashing Firmware](newbs_flashing.md)
* [Testing and Debugging](newbs_testing_debugging.md) * [Testing and Debugging](newbs_testing_debugging.md)
* [Best Git Practices](newbs_git_best_practices.md)
* [Using Your Fork's Master](newbs_git_using_your_master_branch.md)
* [Resolving Merge Conflicts](newbs_git_resolving_merge_conflicts.md)
* [Resynchronizing a Branch](newbs_git_resynchronize_a_branch.md)
* [Learning Resources](newbs_learn_more_resources.md)
* [QMK Basics](README.md)
* [QMK Introduction](getting_started_introduction.md)
* [QMK CLI](cli.md)
* [QMK CLI Config](cli_configuration.md)
* [Contributing to QMK](contributing.md)
* [How to Use Github](getting_started_github.md)
* [Getting Help](getting_started_getting_help.md) * [Getting Help](getting_started_getting_help.md)
* Guides
* [ARM Debugging Guide](arm_debugging.md)
* [Best Git Practices](newbs_git_best_practices.md)
* [Contributing to QMK](contributing.md)
* [Customizing Functionality](custom_quantum_functions.md)
* [Github Best Practices](getting_started_github.md)
* [Hand Wiring Guide](hand_wire.md)
* [ISP Flashing Guide](isp_flashing_guide.md)
* [Flashing Firmware](flashing.md)
* [Keymap Overview](keymap.md)
* [Learning Resources](newbs_learn_more_resources.md)
* [QMK CLI](cli.md)
* [Vagrant Guide](getting_started_vagrant.md)
* [Breaking Changes](breaking_changes.md) * [Breaking Changes](breaking_changes.md)
* [My Pull Request Was Flagged](breaking_changes_instructions.md) * [My Pull Request Was Flagged](breaking_changes_instructions.md)
* [2019 Aug 30](ChangeLog/20190830.md) * [2019 Aug 30](ChangeLog/20190830.md)
@ -28,87 +30,80 @@
* [Keymap](faq_keymap.md) * [Keymap](faq_keymap.md)
* [Driver Installation with Zadig](driver_installation_zadig.md) * [Driver Installation with Zadig](driver_installation_zadig.md)
* Detailed Guides * QMK Features
* [Install Build Tools](getting_started_build_tools.md)
* [Vagrant Guide](getting_started_vagrant.md)
* [Build/Compile Instructions](getting_started_make_guide.md)
* [Flashing Firmware](flashing.md)
* [Customizing Functionality](custom_quantum_functions.md)
* [Keymap Overview](keymap.md)
* [Hardware](hardware.md)
* [Compatible Microcontrollers](compatible_microcontrollers.md)
* [AVR Processors](hardware_avr.md)
* [Drivers](hardware_drivers.md)
* Reference
* [Keyboard Guidelines](hardware_keyboard_guidelines.md)
* [Config Options](config_options.md)
* [Keycodes](keycodes.md) * [Keycodes](keycodes.md)
* [Coding Conventions - C](coding_conventions_c.md) * [Basic Keycodes](keycodes_basic.md)
* [Coding Conventions - Python](coding_conventions_python.md) * [US ANSI Shifted Keys](keycodes_us_ansi_shifted.md)
* [Quantum Keycodes](quantum_keycodes.md)
* [Advanced Keycodes](feature_advanced_keycodes.md)
* [Auto Shift](feature_auto_shift.md)
* Software Features
* [Combos](feature_combo.md)
* [Command](feature_command.md)
* [Debounce API](feature_debounce_type.md)
* [Dynamic Macros](feature_dynamic_macros.md)
* [Grave Escape](feature_grave_esc.md)
* [Key Lock](feature_key_lock.md)
* [Leader Key](feature_leader_key.md)
* [Macros](feature_macros.md)
* [Mouse Keys](feature_mouse_keys.md)
* [One Shot Keys](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#one-shot-keys)
* [Pointing Device](feature_pointing_device.md)
* [Space Cadet](feature_space_cadet.md)
* [Swap Hands](feature_swap_hands.md)
* [Tap Dance](feature_tap_dance.md)
* [Terminal](feature_terminal.md)
* [Unicode](feature_unicode.md)
* [Userspace](feature_userspace.md)
* Hardware Features
* [Audio](feature_audio.md)
* [Backlight](feature_backlight.md)
* [Bluetooth](feature_bluetooth.md)
* [Bootmagic](feature_bootmagic.md)
* [Custom Matrix](custom_matrix.md)
* [DIP Switch](feature_dip_switch.md)
* [Encoders](feature_encoders.md)
* [Haptic Feedback](feature_haptic_feedback.md)
* [HD44780 LCD Controller](feature_hd44780.md)
* [LED Matrix](feature_led_matrix.md)
* [OLED Driver](feature_oled_driver.md)
* [Proton C Conversion](proton_c_conversion.md)
* [PS/2 Mouse](feature_ps2_mouse.md)
* [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md)
* [RGB Matrix](feature_rgb_matrix.md)
* [Split Keyboard](feature_split_keyboard.md)
* [Stenography](feature_stenography.md)
* [Thermal Printer](feature_thermal_printer.md)
* [Velocikey](feature_velocikey.md)
* QMK Reference
* [Config Options](config_options.md)
* [Make Documentation](getting_started_make_guide.md)
* [Documentation Best Practices](documentation_best_practices.md) * [Documentation Best Practices](documentation_best_practices.md)
* [Documentation Templates](documentation_templates.md) * [Documentation Templates](documentation_templates.md)
* [Glossary](reference_glossary.md) * [Glossary](reference_glossary.md)
* [Community Layouts](feature_layouts.md)
* [Unit Testing](unit_testing.md) * [Unit Testing](unit_testing.md)
* [Useful Functions](ref_functions.md) * [Useful Functions](ref_functions.md)
* [Configurator Support](reference_configurator_support.md) * [Configurator Support](reference_configurator_support.md)
* [info.json Format](reference_info_json.md) * [info.json Format](reference_info_json.md)
* [Python CLI Development](cli_development.md)
* [Features](features.md) * C Development
* [Basic Keycodes](keycodes_basic.md) * [AVR Processors](hardware_avr.md)
* [US ANSI Shifted Keys](keycodes_us_ansi_shifted.md) * [Coding Conventions](coding_conventions_c.md)
* [Quantum Keycodes](quantum_keycodes.md) * [Compatible Microcontrollers](compatible_microcontrollers.md)
* [Advanced Keycodes](feature_advanced_keycodes.md) * [Drivers](hardware_drivers.md)
* [Audio](feature_audio.md) * [ADC Driver](adc_driver.md)
* [Auto Shift](feature_auto_shift.md) * [I2C Driver](i2c_driver.md)
* [Backlight](feature_backlight.md) * [WS2812 Driver](ws2812_driver.md)
* [Bluetooth](feature_bluetooth.md) * [EEPROM Driver](eeprom_driver.md)
* [Bootmagic](feature_bootmagic.md)
* [Combos](feature_combo.md)
* [Command](feature_command.md)
* [Debounce API](feature_debounce_type.md)
* [DIP Switch](feature_dip_switch.md)
* [Dynamic Macros](feature_dynamic_macros.md)
* [Encoders](feature_encoders.md)
* [Grave Escape](feature_grave_esc.md)
* [Haptic Feedback](feature_haptic_feedback.md)
* [HD44780 LCD Controller](feature_hd44780.md)
* [Key Lock](feature_key_lock.md)
* [Layouts](feature_layouts.md)
* [Leader Key](feature_leader_key.md)
* [LED Matrix](feature_led_matrix.md)
* [Macros](feature_macros.md)
* [Mouse Keys](feature_mouse_keys.md)
* [OLED Driver](feature_oled_driver.md)
* [One Shot Keys](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#one-shot-keys)
* [Pointing Device](feature_pointing_device.md)
* [PS/2 Mouse](feature_ps2_mouse.md)
* [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md)
* [RGB Matrix](feature_rgb_matrix.md)
* [Space Cadet](feature_space_cadet.md)
* [Split Keyboard](feature_split_keyboard.md)
* [Stenography](feature_stenography.md)
* [Swap Hands](feature_swap_hands.md)
* [Tap Dance](feature_tap_dance.md)
* [Terminal](feature_terminal.md)
* [Thermal Printer](feature_thermal_printer.md)
* [Unicode](feature_unicode.md)
* [Userspace](feature_userspace.md)
* [Velocikey](feature_velocikey.md)
* For Makers and Modders
* [Hand Wiring Guide](hand_wire.md)
* [ISP Flashing Guide](isp_flashing_guide.md)
* [ARM Debugging Guide](arm_debugging.md)
* [ADC Driver](adc_driver.md)
* [I2C Driver](i2c_driver.md)
* [WS2812 Driver](ws2812_driver.md)
* [EEPROM Driver](eeprom_driver.md)
* [GPIO Controls](internals_gpio_control.md) * [GPIO Controls](internals_gpio_control.md)
* [Custom Matrix](custom_matrix.md) * [Keyboard Guidelines](hardware_keyboard_guidelines.md)
* [Proton C Conversion](proton_c_conversion.md)
* Python Development
* [Coding Conventions](coding_conventions_python.md)
* [QMK CLI Config](cli_configuration.md)
* [Python CLI Development](cli_development.md)
* For a Deeper Understanding * For a Deeper Understanding
* [How Keyboards Work](how_keyboards_work.md) * [How Keyboards Work](how_keyboards_work.md)

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# QMK Features
QMK has a staggering number of features for building your keyboard. It can take some time to understand all of them and determine which one will achieve your goal.
* [Advanced Keycodes](feature_advanced_keycodes.md) - Change layers, dual-action keys, and more. Go beyond typing simple characters.
* [Audio](feature_audio.md) - Connect a speaker to your keyboard for audio feedback, midi support, and music mode.
* [Auto Shift](feature_auto_shift.md) - Tap for the normal key, hold slightly longer for its shifted state.
* [Backlight](feature_backlight.md) - LED lighting support for your keyboard.
* [Bluetooth](feature_bluetooth.md) - BlueTooth support for your keyboard.
* [Bootmagic](feature_bootmagic.md) - Adjust the behavior of your keyboard using hotkeys.
* [Combos](feature_combo.md) - Custom actions for multiple key holds.
* [Command](feature_command.md) - Runtime version of bootmagic (Formerly known as "Magic").
* [Debounce API](feature_debounce_type.md) - Customization of debouncing algorithms, and the ability to add more/custom debouncing.
* [DIP Switch](feature_dip_switch.md) - Toggle switches for customizing board function.
* [Dynamic Macros](feature_dynamic_macros.md) - Record and playback macros from the keyboard itself.
* [Encoders](feature_encoders.md) - Rotary encoders!
* [Grave Escape](feature_grave_esc.md) - Lets you use a single key for Esc and Grave.
* [Haptic Feedback](feature_haptic_feedback.md) - Add haptic feedback drivers to your board.
* [HD44780 LCD Display](feature_hd44780.md) - Support for LCD character displays using the HD44780 standard.
* [Key Lock](feature_key_lock.md) - Lock a key in the "down" state.
* [Layouts](feature_layouts.md) - Use one keymap with any keyboard that supports your layout.
* [Leader Key](feature_leader_key.md) - Tap the leader key followed by a sequence to trigger custom behavior.
* [LED Matrix](feature_led_matrix.md) - LED Matrix single color lights for per key lighting (Single Color, not RGB).
* [Macros](feature_macros.md) - Send multiple key presses when pressing only one physical key.
* [Mouse keys](feature_mouse_keys.md) - Control your mouse pointer from your keyboard.
* [OLED Driver](feature_oled_driver.md) - Add OLED screens to your keyboard.
* [One Shot Keys](feature_advanced_keycodes.md#one-shot-keys) - Sticky Keys, lets you hit a key rather than holding it.
* [Pointing Device](feature_pointing_device.md) - Framework for connecting your custom pointing device to your keyboard.
* [PS2 Mouse](feature_ps2_mouse.md) - Driver for connecting a PS/2 mouse directly to your keyboard.
* [RGB Light](feature_rgblight.md) - RGB lighting for your keyboard.
* [RGB Matrix](feature_rgb_matrix.md) - RGB Matrix lights for per key lighting.
* [Space Cadet](feature_space_cadet.md) - Use your left/right shift keys to type parenthesis and brackets.
* [Split Keyboard](feature_split_keyboard.md)
* [Stenography](feature_stenography.md) - Put your keyboard into Plover mode for stenography use.
* [Swap Hands](feature_swap_hands.md) - Mirror your keyboard for one handed usage.
* [Tap Dance](feature_tap_dance.md) - Make a single key do as many things as you want.
* [Terminal](feature_terminal.md) - CLI interface to the internals of your keyboard.
* [Thermal Printer](feature_thermal_printer.md) - Connect a thermal printer to your keyboard to be able to toggle on a printed log of everything you type.
* [Unicode](feature_unicode.md) - Unicode input support.
* [Userspace](feature_userspace.md) - Share code between different keymaps and keyboards.
* [Velocikey](feature_velocikey.md) - Allows changes in RGB animation speed based on WPM/Typing speed.

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# Installing Build Tools
This page describes setting up the build environment for QMK. These instructions cover AVR processors (such as the atmega32u4).
<!-- FIXME: We should have ARM instructions somewhere. -->
**Note:** If this is your first time here, check out the [Complete Newbs Guide](newbs.md) page.
Before continuing, double check that your submodules (third-party libraries) are up to date by running `make git-submodule`.
## Linux
To ensure you are always up to date, you can just run `sudo util/qmk_install.sh`. That should always install all the dependencies needed. **This will run `apt-get upgrade`.**
You can also install things manually, but this documentation might not be always up to date with all requirements.
The current requirements are the following, but not all might be needed depending on what you do. Also note that some systems might not have all the dependencies available as packages, or they might be named differently.
```
build-essential
gcc
unzip
wget
zip
gcc-avr
binutils-avr
avr-libc
dfu-programmer
dfu-util
gcc-arm-none-eabi
binutils-arm-none-eabi
libnewlib-arm-none-eabi
git
```
Install the dependencies with your favorite package manager.
Debian / Ubuntu example:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc unzip wget zip gcc-avr binutils-avr avr-libc dfu-programmer dfu-util gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi libnewlib-arm-none-eabi
Fedora / Red Hat example:
sudo dnf install gcc unzip wget zip dfu-util dfu-programmer avr-gcc avr-libc binutils-avr32-linux-gnu arm-none-eabi-gcc-cs arm-none-eabi-binutils-cs arm-none-eabi-newlib
Arch / Manjaro example:
pacman -S base-devel gcc unzip wget zip avr-gcc avr-binutils avr-libc dfu-util arm-none-eabi-gcc arm-none-eabi-binutils arm-none-eabi-newlib git dfu-programmer dfu-util
## Nix
If you're on [NixOS](https://nixos.org/), or have Nix installed on Linux or macOS, run `nix-shell` from the repository root to get a build environment.
By default, this will download compilers for both AVR and ARM. If you don't need both, disable the `avr` or `arm` arguments, e.g.:
nix-shell --arg arm false
## macOS
If you're using [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/), you can use the following commands:
brew tap osx-cross/avr
brew tap osx-cross/arm
brew update
brew install avr-gcc@8
brew link --force avr-gcc@8
brew install dfu-programmer
brew install dfu-util
brew install arm-gcc-bin@8
brew link --force arm-gcc-bin@8
brew install avrdude
This is the recommended method. If you don't have homebrew, [install it!](http://brew.sh/) It's very much worth it for anyone who works in the command line. Note that the `make` and `make install` portion during the homebrew installation of `avr-gcc@8` can take over 20 minutes and exhibit high CPU usage.
## Windows with msys2 (recommended)
The best environment to use, for Windows Vista through any later version (tested on 7 and 10), is [msys2](http://www.msys2.org).
* Install msys2 by downloading it and following the instructions here: http://www.msys2.org
* Open the ``MSYS2 MingGW 64-bit`` shortcut
* Navigate to your QMK repository. For example, if it's in the root of your c drive:
* `$ cd /c/qmk_firmware`
* Run `util/qmk_install.sh` and follow the prompts
## Windows 10 (deprecated)
These are the old instructions for Windows 10. We recommend you use [MSYS2 as outlined above](#windows-with-msys2-recommended).
### Creators Update
If you have Windows 10 with Creators Update or later, you can build and flash the firmware directly. Before the Creators Update, only building was possible. If you don't have it yet or if are unsure, follow [these instructions](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/instantanswers/d4efb316-79f0-1aa1-9ef3-dcada78f3fa0/get-the-windows-10-creators-update).
### Windows Subsystem for Linux
In addition to the Creators Update, you need Windows 10 Subystem for Linux, so install it following [these instructions](http://www.howtogeek.com/249966/how-to-install-and-use-the-linux-bash-shell-on-windows-10/). If you already have the Windows 10 Subsystem for Linux from the Anniversary update it's recommended that you [upgrade](https://betanews.com/2017/04/14/upgrade-windows-subsystem-for-linux/) it to 16.04LTS, because some keyboards don't compile with the toolchains included in 14.04LTS. Note that you need to know what your are doing if you chose the `sudo do-release-upgrade` method.
### Git
If you already have cloned the repository on your Windows file system you can ignore this section.
You will need to clone the repository to your Windows file system using the normal Git for Windows and **not** the WSL Git. So if you haven't installed Git before, [download](https://git-scm.com/download/win) and install it. Then [set it up](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup), it's important that you setup the e-mail and user name, especially if you are planning to contribute.
Once Git is installed, open the Git Bash command and change the directory to where you want to clone QMK; note that you have to use forward slashes, and that your c drive is accessed like this `/c/path/to/where/you/want/to/go`. Then run `git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware`, this will create a new folder `qmk_firmware` as a subfolder of the current one.
### Toolchain Setup
The Toolchain setup is done through the Windows Subsystem for Linux, and the process is fully automated. If you want to do everything manually, there are no other instructions than the scripts themselves, but you can always open issues and ask for more information.
1. Open "Bash On Ubuntu On Windows" from the start menu.
2. Go to the directory where you cloned `qmk_firmware`. Note that the paths start with `/mnt/` in the WSL, so you have to write for example `cd /mnt/c/path/to/qmk_firmware`.
3. Run `util/wsl_install.sh` and follow the on-screen instructions.
4. Close the Bash command window, and re-open it.
5. You are ready to compile and flash the firmware!
### Some Important Things to Keep in Mind
* You can run `util/wsl_install.sh` again to get all the newest updates.
* Your QMK repository need to be on a Windows file system path, since WSL can't run executables outside it.
* The WSL Git is **not** compatible with the Windows Git, so use the Windows Git Bash or a windows Git GUI for all Git operations
* You can edit files either inside WSL or normally using Windows, but note that if you edit makefiles or shell scripts, make sure you are using an editor that saves the files with Unix line endings. Otherwise the compilation might not work.
## Docker
If this is a bit complex for you, Docker might be the turnkey solution you need. After installing [Docker CE](https://docs.docker.com/install/#supported-platforms), run the following command from the `qmk_firmware` directory to build a keyboard/keymap:
```bash
util/docker_build.sh keyboard:keymap
# For example: util/docker_build.sh ergodox_ez:steno
```
This will compile the desired keyboard/keymap and leave the resulting `.hex` or `.bin` file in the QMK directory for you to flash. If `:keymap` is omitted, all keymaps are used. Note that the parameter format is the same as when building with `make`.
You can also start the script without any parameters, in which case it will ask you to input the build parameters one by one, which you may find easier to use:
```bash
util/docker_build.sh
# Reads parameters as input (leave blank for all keyboards/keymaps)
```
There is also support for building _and_ flashing the keyboard straight from Docker by specifying the `target` as well:
```bash
util/docker_build.sh keyboard:keymap:target
# For example: util/docker_build.sh planck/rev6:default:flash
```
If you're on Linux, this should work out of the box. On Windows and macOS, it requires [Docker Machine](http://gw.tnode.com/docker/docker-machine-with-usb-support-on-windows-macos/) to be running. This is tedious to set up, so it's not recommended; use [QMK Toolbox](https://github.com/qmk/qmk_toolbox) instead.
!> Docker for Windows requires [Hyper-V](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/quick-start/enable-hyper-v) to be enabled. This means that it cannot work on versions of Windows which don't have Hyper-V, such as Windows 7, Windows 8 and **Windows 10 Home**.
## Vagrant
If you have any problems building the firmware, you can try using a tool called Vagrant. It will set up a virtual computer with a known configuration that's ready-to-go for firmware building. OLKB does NOT host the files for this virtual computer. Details on how to set up Vagrant are in the [vagrant guide](getting_started_vagrant.md).

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# Hardware
QMK runs on a variety of hardware. If your processor can be targeted by [LUFA](http://www.fourwalledcubicle.com/LUFA.php) or [ChibiOS](http://www.chibios.com) you can probably get QMK running on it. This section explores getting QMK running on, and communicating with, hardware of all kinds.
* [Keyboard Guidelines](hardware_keyboard_guidelines.md)
* [AVR Processors](hardware_avr.md)
* ARM Processors (TBD)
* [Drivers](hardware_drivers.md)

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